The Bird Cliffs at Cape St. Mary's

When we left Gros Morne, we had an all day drive to nearly the opposite end of Newfoundland.  Three years ago, I had grudgingly accepted Pam's suggestion to make a long drive from Bonavista to the bird cliffs at Cape St. Mary's.  We arrived on a perfect day with the sun and the wind aligning to deliver a steady stream of Northern Gannets landing sometimes only 40 feet away. They were beautifully illuminated in warm sunlight, and the strong wind held their landing speed down to where they just hovered in front of us. This photo from 2014 tells the viewer why we returned in 2017.

Northern Gannets are not a small bird.  They are 3 feet long and sport a 6-foot wingspan.  They are graceful flyers with a handsome head featuring a blush of color on the throat.  


There are reportedly in excess of 25,000 Northern Gannets plus thousands of Kittiwakes and Murres on the bird cliffs at Cape St. Mary's.  The gannets nest densely on the less vertical parts with the other birds at lower levels on very narrow ledges. It is about a 1-1/2 mile trail from the visitor center to the prime viewing area.  You hear them long before you get there. They are not, however, capable of song. It is best described as cacophony.  There is no way that many birds would ever synchronize their vocalization, and they offer no melody to make that possible.

There is a lot of flying from the colony as one of each pair is usually away at sea fishing for the hungry chick. A closer look suggests how dense the arrangements are.  There is a lot of squabbling.

There is a good half hour walking path to see the colony; once there you are on a narrow promontory that is very close on both sides to nesting birds.  

Newfoundland in summer is nearly synonymous with fog, so we scheduled three full days with the hope that one of those days would be clear, and the wind and sun direction acceptable. The first full day confirmed my expectation. Though only a stone's throw from a high a rock pinnacle packed with birds, the fog offered observation but limited photos.

I had a plan for fog.  Birder sightings for Cape St. Mary's highlighted Horned Larks around the visitor center.  So, fog merely shifted my attention.  Watching Horned Larks, I could see two things.  First there were juveniles out of the nest and foraging, and there were also adults collecting many insects in their beaks. Some were still feeding young in the nest. Second, I realized that the best way was to pick a spot with good openings, and let them come to me. It proved fruitful.

People passing me would ask what I was doing. My answer elicited no interest in something as small as a lark. But to me, it was pretty exciting to have one work close to me and take a nice perch on a rock.  Just wish I could have been there when they were doing mating displays.

On our last full day, the afternoon offered an ideal sun and wind combination.  For two hours, the action was intense as the Northern Gannets approached like aircraft lining up for a runway.  Here you can see two birds on parallel runway approaches, just like at Kennedy Airport.

Of course, there were hundreds of runways available; I had to pick just a few landing spots and recognize when a bird was on one of those. At the end, I was drained but happy.

To the observer, the landing spot is pretty small as the bird glides over dozens of other nests with each nest ready to jab a beak at the offender.

When the returning partner arrives there is a warm welcome including some wing flapping and billing plus some head bobs.  It only take a few minutes for the waiting partner to head out to sea. 

In early August, the chicks are mostly big blobs of down with a few feathers beginning to show.

The nest is just some collected seaweed or grass on hard rock.  I was pretty lucky to actually catch a shot of one bird bringing a fresh supply in.  When I looked at some other nests, I realized it was quickly being soiled by the chicks. Sometimes the chicks were not the clean white fluff ball you see above.

We thoroughly enjoyed our time at Cape St. Mary's. Our cottage in nearby Branch looked out on a harbor with many fishing boats.  On an evening walk down to the boats, I met a local woman with extensive bird knowledge. 

We found that having a kitchen made for easier timing when early or late conditions were best for photography or a sightseeing excursion.

The next morning, we had an unhurried departure towards the return ferry in Argentia.  Naturally, it was foggy. On the way, we pulled off the highway at Gooseberry Beach and found a quiet beach with a crooked piece of driftwood. Two local ladies walking the beach saw our New York plates, and we had a nice conversation combining bits about Newfoundland and New York.  People are so friendly there, just like home.

The return ferry to Nova Scotia was another huge ship, and this time our car was not in the bowels of the ship.  We had a good nights rest with the muffled sound of the ship's foghorn often reaching our cabin.   Next, it was on to a stop in Maine for a beautiful garden on Mt. Desert Island.

Paul

Along the Way to Newfoundland

Our summer of travel concluded with a road trip to Newfoundland with the usual stop in Freeport for the LL Bean store, plus a few discoveries along the way. On day two we were near Lubec at the border with New Brunswick.  Rising early, I watched the sun rise over Campobello Island across the Lubec Narrows. As the sun rose directly behind the Mulholland Point Light, a lobster boat motored past on the way to run their traps.  Serendipity.  This is now on my list for a longer explore including Campobello.

Our drive north took us to Hopewell Rocks on Fundy Bay.  The huge tides there cycle up and down on tall pillars of aggregate.  We'd been there decades ago with good memories.

It seemed much more crowded now  and  more like an amusement park. It was less enjoyable this time.  I guess the first time was enough.  We moved on to our appointment with the ferry to Newfoundland.

Arriving in North Sydney, the sight of the MV Highlanders is impressive.  At 200 meters, it is the largest ferry I have seen.  It has eight decks including four for vehicles.  It can load and unload from both bow and stern at two different levels. We made the mistake of being early, which put us on board first and thus in the lowest level - which I dubbed "the catacombs". It was pretty tight down there.

But I make no complaints.  The accommodations were superb. Our cabin overlooked the bow directly below the ship's bridge where we could watch the loading process.  After a restful night with calm seas, we were in Port aux Basques and ashore in time for a nice breakfast in town.

Our first of two objectives was Gros Morne National Park.  To understand why we went there, see this link:  https://www.tourgrosmorne.com/ 

Up early on our first full day, I explored a lighthouse at Lobster Cove just outside Rocky Harbor.

The lighthouse grounds were well restored, giving a feel for their history.  Coming over the rise from the beach, one found the route to the light keeper's garden.

The day continued with an early start towards Western Brook Pond. This is a stranded fjord.  Once open to the sea when oceans were higher, its mile wide glacial moraine now seals it off from the sea.  There are excursion boats hauled there on sleds over the moraine in deep winter.  With no road, we had a 3/4 hour walk to get to the docks.  Along the way, I found this odd fellow hanging out at a viewing platform.  He seems to be everywhere I go.


As you trek to the pond, the massive walls of the fjord reveal themselves across one of the many shallow ponds on the moraine. 

Once at the boat, and looking upwards, the fjord gains its true character.  There are massive hard rock walls on both sides.  (Here is a great photo that Pam made of the place.)

Along the way, the rock walls offer an infinite range of features, some capturing our tendency to see figures in the stone.  Can you see the man's face in this wall?  (Left of center looking right.)

There are more curiosities to be found at Gros Morne.  Just north of Western Brook Pond are some sea arches that seem out of place being surrounded by glacial moraines.

There is another side to Gros Morne. Across Bonnie Bay to the south of our cabin in Rocky Harbor, lie small fishing villages and the expansive Tablelands.  At Woody Point, I found one of the small lights guiding boats into the bay's west arm.


These are active fishing towns.  We ventured to Trout River where the stacks of wooden lobster traps reminded me that some still do things the traditional way.

No visit to Gros Morne is complete without a visit to the Tablelands.  Several hundred million years ago, a tectonic plate collision forced up material from the earth's mantle. As you enter the elevated valley, you see hard rock to one side and crumbly yellowish-red rock to the other. This softer rock, called mafic rock is peridotite thrust up from the earth's mantle. It is low in calcium but high in magnesium and iron with a toxic mix of heavy metals.

The plant community is drastically different.  We walked a small loop and found hundreds of Pitcher Plants. They love alkaline conditions and thrived wherever there was a water.

Along this little-used trail were unusual rocks. The rock appeared to be glazed with a blue-black lacquer. It is serpentinite, so called because it resembles snake skin.  Get this, it is a hydration and metamorphic transformation of ultramafic (mantle) rock.  Beautiful.

We spent three full days at Gros Morne and could have explored more, but we had a full day's travel to relocate to Cape St. Mary's for some serious birding time.   I will be back with a second part devoted to that.

Paul